End to end testing becomes more complex as teams and applications grow. While small projects can manage with a handful of test cases, larger systems introduce thousands of interconnected workflows. The biggest challenge isn’t just writing tests, but maintaining them as the application evolves. Flaky tests, long execution times, and duplicated efforts across teams can quickly erode confidence in the test suite.

Coordination also becomes difficult when multiple teams own different parts of the system. A change in one microservice might break tests maintained by another team, creating bottlenecks. To address this, organizations often look at strategies like selective test execution, better test data management, and leveraging tools that auto-generate or synchronize test cases from real traffic.

Keploy, for example, helps reduce maintenance overhead by capturing real API calls and responses, turning them into deterministic test cases that stay relevant as the system evolves. This approach can significantly ease the pain of scaling end to end testing across large, distributed teams.